Reverse Osmosis Water Filtration Systems
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Reverse osmosis water purifier is becoming very popular nowadays. You will find most of the people using a RO purifier in their home. Bottling companies also use this system for purification purpose as it can remove all the harmful particles from water.
With the help of reverse osmosis you can remove very tiny (smaller than ions) particles. The pores in reverse osmosis membrane are approximately 0.0005 micron in size and size of bacteria is 0.2 to 1 micron and of virus is 0.02 to 0.4 microns. Hence a RO membrane does not allow these microorganisms to pass through it.
Two different membranes used in a RO system are: Thin Film Composite (TFC) and Cellulose Triacetate (CTA). Out of these two membranes TFC can remove more impurities from contaminated water and is more sensitive and easily damaged by chlorine. To overcome this carbon pre-filters are used in RO systems.
A RO system consists of an array of granular activated carbon (GAC) pre-filters, reverse osmosis membrane, storage tank and a faucet to deliver purified water. Different OS purifiers differ in membrane quality and storage capacity.
Reverse osmosis use a semi permeable membrane and allow pure water to pass through it and rejects the contaminants to pass through tiny pores in the membrane. RO system should have a sufficient level of fluid pressure in order to properly decontaminate the water. For most of the models, a strong pump is used to supply needed fluid pressure.
You must be thinking that if the membrane filters the impurity to give pure water then where that dust particles go. Well the membrane clear it’s porous by a process known as cross flow in which the impurities are washed away along with waste water via a drain and leave a clean membrane for next filtration.
Since membranes are degraded by chlorine, iron, manganese, hydrogen sulfide and bacterial attack, a sediment pre-filter and an activated carbon pre-filter or post-filter should be used in reverse osmosis system. RO system is considered to be a best choice for water contaminated with high nitrite levels.
No doubt, RO system is an unbeatable choice for every individual and is preferred over any other purification system, but it is not fit for cleaning water that contains a lot of biological dust like untreated lake water. For cleaning such water it needs to have an ultraviolet system along with it.
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